Semitones & Pitch Intervals

Convert pitch ratios to semitones and cents, and calculate frequency intervals.

Interval to Frequency Ratio

Standard Equal Temperament Presets
Frequency Multiplier Result
If base pitch is Freq (Hz):New Pitch = Base × Ratio
Frequency Ratio ➔ IntervalCalculate musical interval distance from raw frequency ratio
Pitch Distance
7 semitones, +2 cents
📐 PITCH FORMULAS:- Ratio to Interval: $Interval = 12 \times \log_2(Ratio)$ semitones
- Interval to Ratio: $Ratio = 2^((Semitones + Cents/100)/12)$
- 1 Octave always equates to a 2.0 ratio. A Perfect Fifth represents approx 1.498 ratio in equal temperament, and exactly 1.5 in pure Pythagorean tuning.

Explore Additional Utilities

Flow Rate Converter

Convert volumetric flow rates between cubic meters per second (m³/s), liters per minute (L/min), gallons per minute (GPM), and other flow units.

unit

Net metering — units exported ↔ bill credit estimate

Estimate utility bill credits, net energy offsets, and financial yields under 1:1 net metering or dual-rate net billing programs.

renewable-energy

Clothing Size Converter

Convert apparel sizes (XS to 3XL) across US, UK, European, and Asian standards.

unit

Displacement tonnage ↔ cubic meters — ship buoyancy

Convert ship displacement tonnage to submerged volume (m³) and buoyancy force. Choose between freshwater and saltwater standards.

marine-engineering

BPM ↔ Milliseconds Calibrator

Convert beats per minute (BPM) to millisecond delay values and frequency hertz.

unit

Mortar mix ratio — cement ↔ sand ↔ water by weight

Calculate standard masonry mortar mix classes (Type M, S, N, O, K) and determine precise cement, sand, and water weights.

masonry-concrete

Aviation Fuel Weight Calculator

Calculate volume-to-weight changes for standard aviation fuels (Jet A-1, Avgas) across metric and imperial systems.

unit

Inverter sizing — load watts ↔ VA rating needed

Analyze total AC continuous and surge loads to specify the ideal inverter Volt-Amp (VA) and wattage ratings.

renewable-energy

Dimensional Weight ↔ Chargeable Weight

Calculate shipping dimensional weight based on L x W x H using standard carrier factors, and determine final chargeable weight.

devtools

Subtitle Timing & Readability

Evaluate subtitle card readability by computing characters per second (CPS), words per minute (WPM), and duration constraints.

devtools

URL Encoder & Decoder

Safely encode illegal URL string sequences or decode clean string paths.

devtools

Dew point ↔ condensation risk — wall insulation check

Check wall surface dew point parameters and assess condensation and mold growth risks from room relative humidity.

hvac-thermal

Screw gauge ↔ mm diameter — imperial vs metric screws

Cross-reference standard wood screw gauges with thread diameter in millimeters and inches for pre-drilling and pilot holes.

woodworking

Scientific Temperature Scale

Convert scientific scales between Celsius, Fahrenheit, Kelvin, and Rankine thermal indicators.

unit

Angular Motor Rotation

Determine crankshaft engine RPM, radian ratios, and angular physical velocities.

unit

Radioactive Decay Half-Life

Estimate remaining isotope amounts and decay timelines from standard half-life periods.

devtools

Battery capacity — Ah ↔ Wh ↔ days of autonomy

Convert between Amp-hours (Ah) and Watt-hours (Wh) and calculate battery bank backup days of autonomy based on loads.

renewable-energy

File Transfer Duration

Dynamically forecast transmission speed durations for different file size sizes.

datastorage

Pallet Configuration (Boxes/Pallet)

Optimize pallet loading layouts by calculating maximum box stacking of specified dimensions onto standard pallet sizes.

devtools

Refrigerant charge — system size ↔ kg of refrigerant

Estimate split system factory and added line set refrigerant charge adjustments using liquid tube diameters.

hvac-thermal